Term |
Definition |
Scarcity |
The situation in which unlimited wants exceed the limited resources available to fulfill those wants. |
Production possibilities frontier |
A curve shhowing the maximum attainable combinations of two products that may be produced with available resources. (Above the curve is a combination of produced items that is unattainable with current resources; below is an combination that inefficiently or incompletely uses resources.) |
Opportunity cost |
The highest-valued alternative that must be given up to engage in an activity. |
Q: What does the production possibilities frontier look like after a disaster or technological setback? Can this be effectively explored in a post-apocalyptic story? |
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Economic growth |
The ability of the economy to produce increasing quantities of goods and services. |
Trade |
The act of buying and selling |
Gains from trade - ZOMG ITS MAGIC!!!11!1shiftone! |
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Absolute advantage |
The ability of an individual, firm or country to produce more of a good or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. |
Comparative advantage |
The ability of an individual, firm, or country to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than other producers. |
Market |
A group of buyers and sellers of a good or service and the institution or arrangement by whhich they come together to trade. |
Product markets |
Markets for goods - such as computers - and services - such as medical treatments. |
Factor markets |
Markets for the factors of production, such as labor, capital, natural resources, and entrepreneurial ability. |
Circular-flow diagram |
A model that illustrates how participants in markets are linked. |
(And they're almost always oversimplifications that don't adequately explain properly complex systems. vis. Michael Crichton.) | |
Free market |
A market with few government restrictions on how a good or service can be produced or sold, or on how a factor of production can be employed. |
Entrepreneur |
Someone who operates a business, bringing together the factors of production - labor, capital, and natural resources - to produce goods and services. |
Property rights |
The rights individual or firms have to the exclusive use of their property, including the right to buy or sell it. |
Establishment of trusts, robber barons (Robber baron (industrialist) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia), Carnegie & Rockefeller etc. |
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Man, he's got a hard-on for the markets. It's funny. And he really doesn't like socialism. "They like equality a lot, and I can live a happy life without being equal, so I'm not envious." Mention of Kelo vs. New London. |